远离稳定线核研究进展

Progress of Studies on Nuclei far from Stability Line

近几年在对远离核的实验研究中,观测到了理论预言的新衰变模式,如45Fe的双质子衰变,β-缓发裂变;对中子滴线外一些核的存在可能性也进行了较多的实验探索和理论分析;开始了对人们一直关注的中子集团存在可能性的实验探索.远离核谱学和衰变性质研究逐渐深入,通过对一些远离核第一激发态能量的系统比较和许多远离核β衰变Q值的测量,以及核质量的精确测量,发现在远离核区,原有的一些幻数消失,代之产生了一些新的幻数,对其产生原因的理论分析做了简要的综述.

Recently the predicted new decay model, for instance two-proton decay and β^(-)delayed fission have been observed in the investigations of the nuclei far from stability line. The existence of the nuclei located beyond the drip-line has already been studied experimentally and theoretically. It has been started to search for the neutron cluster in experiment by using neutron-rich nuclei. The researches of the spectroscopy and decay properties of the nuclei far from stability line are more and deeper, and found that in the region some old magic numbers are vanishing and some new magic numbers are appearing by comparing the energies of the first excited state, Q_(β) values and the separation energies of the last one or two neutrons and protons. The reasons for these are introduced briefly.