护士家访对首发精神分裂症病人预后的影响

The function of the prognosis to first episode schizophrenics to home visiting by nurses

目的探讨护士家访对延缓精神分裂症病人社会功能缺陷及复发的作用。方法将93例首发精神分裂症病人随机分为家访组48例及对照组45例。对家访组进行为期1年共10次家访,用BPRS评价病人病情严重程度;用SDSS评价病人出院1年后的各种社会功能缺陷情况,并比较两组病人出院后的服药依从情况及复发情况。结果出院6、12个月时家访组病人BPRS评分明显低于对照组(P<0.01)。服药依从性家访组明显好于对照组(P<0.01)。1年后两组间SDSS第1、5、6、9、10项及总分比较差异有显著或非常显著性意义。复发率家访组明显低于对照组(P<0.01)。结论护士家访对精神分裂症病人出院后疗效的维持及病情的进一步恢复有良好的促进作用,能有效地延缓首发精神分裂症病人疾病复发及其社会功能的缺陷。

Objective To study the effects of home visiting by nurses to prevent the first episode schizophrenics from having social function disability, and to decrease the relapse rate.Methods 93 first episode schizophrenics were randomly divided into follow-up group (48 cases) and respective control group (45 cases). The follow-up group had been followed up for one year, then the severe degree of the condition to the disease was measured with BPRS. After a year, the social function disability was measured with SDSS. The compliance of taking medicine and the relapse rates of the two groups were compared.Results In the 6th and 12th month after being discharged from hospital, the score of the BPRS of the follow-up group was lower than the control group (P<0.01). The compliance of taking medicine of the follow-up group was obviously higher than the control group^(P<0.01). After a year, the 1,5,6,9,10 factorial score,the total score of the SDSS and the relapse rate of the follow-up group were lower than those of the control group and the differences between these two groups were significant(χ2=8.99, P<0.01).Conclusion Home visiting by nurese has positive effects on the maintenance of the and the rehabilitation.It can also delay the relapse of schizophrenics and decrease social function disability.The social benifit is significant and it's worth spreading.