六种身体自我测量方法的比较

Comparison of Six Physical Self-Measure Methods

身体自我的测量方法包括问卷调查、形象选择、形象调节、画人测验、行为观察和内隐态度实验 6种 ,各有长处和短处。本研究探索的第一个问题 :不同的身体自尊测量方法是否殊途同归。答案似乎是否定的 ,甚至同为一种测量方法 ,如问卷调查 ,同一批受试者不同问卷的测量结果也是差别大于同一。本研究探索的第二个问题 :不同的测量方法其应用前景如何。从操作简便和样本数量的角度分析 ,问卷调查和形象选择较好 ;从控制社会期待效应和探索自发反应的角度分析 ,开放式问卷调查、画人测验、行为观察和内隐态度实验较好 ;从研究控制和数据分析的角度分析 ,内隐实验较好 ;从生态学效度的角度分析 ,行为观察较好。

Physical Self-measure methods include questionnaire ,image identification,image adjustment,behavior observation and implicit experim ent.This paper discusses whether these measure tests have same psychological con struct.The answer is no.It is found that even the same kind of measure such as q uestionnaire produce divergent results rather than convergent results using the same participants.The second question is how to use these measures in psychologi cal study.In terms of controlling the social expectation effect and exploring sp ontaneous responses,opened questionnaire,behavior observation and implicit attit ude experiment are good.In terms of experimental control and data analysis,impli cit attitude experiment is good.As far as ecological validity concerned,behavior observation is good.