酒依赖患者的临床特点研究

Study of the Clinical Features of alcohol dependence

目的 调查、研究酒依赖患者的饮酒史和临床表现,为早期干预和临床针对性治疗提供参考。方法 采用CCMD-2-R酒依赖诊断标准、饮酒问卷对108例酒依赖住院病人进行临床诊断和精神障碍评定。结果 酒依赖患者初期的每日饮酒量比酒依赖后期为多,日饮酒次数则以酒依赖后期为多。酒依赖病人大脑、周围神经以及社会功能受到损害,出现记忆障碍、指端麻木。不同时期精神障碍症状的种类和发生频率有所不同,焦虑、睡眠障碍及躯体损害症状住院期间持续存在。结论 酒依赖患者不同时期每日饮酒量、日饮酒次数和症状表现有所不同。不同时期治疗方法、策略应有所侧重,对渴求、焦虑、睡眠障碍、躯体营养状况的改善应贯穿治疗始终。

Objective To study the drinking history and the clinical features in patient with alcohol dependence, and to affords aimed at the treatment and early prevention for clinical medicine. Methods 108 cases of inpatient with alcohol dependence were assessed with Chinese Classification and Diagnostic Criteria of Mental Disorders (CCMD-2-R) and Alcohol Use Questionnaire (ADS). Results The in-patient with alcohol dependence drank more in the early stages of alcohol dependence than in the late stages of alcohol dependence and drank more frequency in the late stages of alcohol dependence for a day. The inpatient presented the symptoms of damaged in brain and peripheral nervous system and disorders of social adaptation. The symptoms of psychiatric disorders presented different for patient with alcohol dependence in different period of alcohol dependence, and anxiety, insomnia and the symptoms of damaged in brain and peripheral nervous system were presented during the study. Conclusions Patient with alcohol dependence present different symptoms, capacity for liquor and drank frequency in different dependence stages. The different interventions should be employed in different dependence stages. Craving, anxiety, insomnia and physical nutrition should be treated in all study stages.