先天性外中耳畸形的临床分析

Congenital external and middle ear malformation-with 62 ears report

目的:分析外耳畸形与中耳畸形的关系和手术治疗的效果。方法:对52例(62耳)先天性外、中耳 畸形患者进行手术治疗,48耳采用经鼓窦乳突径路,14耳采用直入式径路。观察术中所见与外耳畸形的关系。 结果:在轻度耳廓畸形者中,鼓室及其内部结构畸形较轻;而在中、重度耳廓畸形者中,中耳畸形情况较严重。术 后3个月时平均语频听阈提高15～30dB者占53.2%;提高30dB以上者为40.3%。术后3年则分别为59.7%和 25.8%。结论:中耳畸形与耳廓畸形程度相关。治疗效果及畸形程度与是否有并发症的发生有关。

Objective:To determine the relationship between external ear malformation and middle ear abnormality,and also the results of surgical treatment.Method:Fifty-two cases with external ear malformation(62 ears) was dividied into two groups:the minor group and severe group.All the patients received surgical treatment,48 ears by transmastoid approach and 14 ears by 'direct entrance' approach.Result:The middle ear abnormality was minor in minor group,and severe in the patients with severe external ear malformation.In 93.5% cases the hearing threshold improved more than 15 dB in 3 months after operation,and reduce to 85.5% in 3 years follow up.Conclusion:The middle ear malformation is corresponding to external ear malformation.The effect of surgical treatment is different according to the degree of malformation and surgical complication.