民族主义思想浅说

A Preliminary Study of the Theory of Nationalism

民族主义学说产生于19世纪的欧洲,这是一种关于政治合法性的理论。民族主义的斗争矛头指向外国人控制的政府,因为当时欧洲的政府形式不具有从国民中产生的主权,它是一个王族拥有的财产,它的归属、大小和完整性是通过继承、联姻或者战争来决定的。民族主义要求进行政治革命,提出了一个"自然疆界"的概念,认为政治的和民族的单位应该是一致的。民族主义把文化当作政治问题,强调政治和文化不可分割。民族主义理论多有悖理,但在当时的历史条件下,它的积极作用是不能否定的。

The theory of nationalism emerged in Europe in the 19th century, which is a theory about the legality of politics. Nationalism at that time aimed at the legality of the government under the control of a foreign country because the government in Europe had no sovereignty approved by its citizens but was a property of the royal family. Its ownership, size and integrity were determined through inheritance, marriage or war. Nationalism demanded a political revolution and brought up the concept of 'natural boundary' and regarded the unit of politics and the unit of nationality as identical. Nationalism regarded culture as a kind of political problem and the two were inseparable. Though this theory has some contradictions but there is no denying that it played a positive role in history.