西方经济学家在宏观经济学上的若干共识

The Shared Ideas of Western Economists on Macroeconomics

西方宏观经济学流派众多,相互辩难,充满分歧和争议。但近年来各派经济学家在需求和供给、反通货膨胀的成本、财政政策与货币政策的作用及局限、失业与通货膨胀的替代关系、宏观经济学的微观基础、预期的作用及政策可信度的重要性、政策的时滞性等等重大问题上已逐渐达成共识,表明宏观经济学正走向成熟。但分歧和争论仍然是宏观经济学保持发展活力的源泉,共识与歧见并存乃是理论与学术发展的正常景观。

Different schools constitute Western macroeconomics and they often have controversial views. However, in recent years they have shared ideas in terms of demand and supply, the anti-inflation cost, the functions and limitations of the financial and monetary policies, the substitution relationship between unemployment and inflation, the micro-foundation of macroeconomics, the expected functions and the importance of policy creditability, which shows that macroeconomics is getting mature. Nevertheless, disputes are still the motive force of the development of macroeconomics because the co-existence of shared views and controversies is a common phenomenon in theoretic and academic circles.