基于数据一致性预测与压制自由表面多次波——理论研究与试处理

Surface-related multiple prediction and suppression based on data-consistence: A theoretical study and test

从声波波场理论出发 ,首先在不考虑自由表面反射的情况下研究了有效波波场传播及反射规律 ,继而考虑自由表面反射的情况 ,并详尽推导了压制自由表面多次波的正演和反演数学模型 .从物理本质上对自由表面多次波的产生、预测及压制做了深入的剖析 ,讨论了基于数据一致性时空域褶积的多次波预测方法原理 ,实现了自由表面相关多次波自适应压制的迭代方法过程 .复杂起伏海底的理论模型试算实例表明 :在多次波产生系统非常复杂的情况下 ,本方法仍能非常有效地压制各种与自由表面相关的多次波 ,同时还能很好地保持有效波的能量 ,取得了很好的压制多次波效果 .

Based on the acoustic wave field theory, the forward model of seismic data excluding the surface is discussed. In the presence of a reflecting free surface, the forward as well as inversion models for surface-related multiple prediction and attenuation are formulated in detail. From the physical esssential, the generation, prediction and attenuation of the multiple are also deeply analyzed. The data-consistence-based time-space convolution method is discussed and implemented. The method is formulated in an iterative adaptive procedure. An example with a complex bottom and complex multiple generating system demonstrates its validity and stability, as the method yields very good results of suppressing the multiple energy while keeping the primary events not damaged.