不同倍性西瓜的叶表皮微形态特征比较

Comparison of the leaf epidermal ultra-structure morphology of different ploidy watermelon

扫描电镜观察结果表明,随着西瓜倍性的增加,叶片保卫细胞和表皮细胞增大,叶片单位面积上的气孔和表皮细胞的数目减少,细胞的大小与西瓜倍性呈正相关,单位面积上的细胞数目与西瓜倍性呈负相关。通过FDA荧光记数法观察,4x、3x和2x的叶片保卫细胞中的叶绿体数目分别为19.9±3.4,15.9±2.2,11.5±1.5,其比例约为4∶3∶2,与西瓜的倍性一致。根据此方法可以快速有效地对西瓜倍性进行早期鉴定。

Observation under electronic microscope scanning revealed that there were significant variations in leaf anatomical structure of different ploidy watermelon cultivars. The number of stoma and epidermal cells per unit leaf area was decreased with increasing ploidy, reflecting the larger cells in the tetraploids than in the diploids and triploids. Observing the number of chloroplasts in the guard cell by fluorescence microscope with UV light indicated that the number in 4x,3x and 2x watermelon were 19.9±3.4,15.9±2.2,and 11.5±1.5 per guard cell pair respectively; the ratio was 4∶3 ∶2. The mentioned method can be used for identifying the ploidy of watermelon at early stage.