应用Heath-Carter法对葫芦岛市农村汉族儿童体型的研究

Study on the Somatotype of Children of Han Nationality in the Mountain Area in Huludao City with the Heath-Carter Methods

目的 研究葫芦岛市农村汉族儿童的体型发育规律和特点 ,为体质人类学补充必要的资料。方法 采用Heath -Carter体型法 ,以葫芦岛市农村 7～ 10岁 4 0 8名 (男性 2 13名 ,女性 195名 )汉族儿童为研究对象 ,男女各分 4组 ,每组 4 6～ 6 3人 ,测量身高、体重、上臂紧张围等十项指标 ,经计算和统计学处理 ,进行体型分析。结果 葫芦岛市农村汉族男孩的平均体型值为 3 4 - 2 5 - 3 2 ,属中间型 ,女孩平均体型值为 4 0 - 2 3-3 4 ,属偏外胚层的内胚层体型。男孩和女孩的内因子和外因子占优势 ,中因子值偏低 ,随着年龄的增长 ,体型频数不断变化 ,经体型差异的t检验 ,除 7岁外 ,8、 9、 10岁的同龄男女孩体型差异显著 ,与国内外资料相比 ,葫芦岛市农村汉族儿童内因子偏高 ,中因子偏低 ,外因子相差不多。结论 葫芦岛市农村汉族儿童体脂发育较好 ,身材修长 ,但骨骼肌肉欠发达 ,儿童的体型发育随年龄呈多变倾向。

Objective To study the regularities and characteristics of somatotype growth of Han nationality children in country mountain area in Huludao city and compensate the essential data of the anthropological studies. Methods By the Heath-Carter anthropological method, the somatotype growth of 408 (male 213, female 195) Han nationality children, aged from 7～10 years, in country mountain area in Huludao city was evaluated. The children were divided into 4 groups. Ten index, such as height, weight, were detected, and then statistical analysis was done.Results The average somatotype of Han nationality children in country mountain area in Huludao city is 3.4-2.5-3.2 (male) or 4.0-2.3-3.4 (female), the former is Central, and the latter is Ectomorphic Endomorph. The Ectomorphy and Endomorphy of male and female is more significant than the other index and, the Mesomorphy is low. The frequency of the somatotype varies with aging. By t test, the significant differences of somatotype between the male and female, age from 8～10 except age 7, were found. By contrast of value reported in the other domestic and foreign area, the Endomorphy for Han nationality children in country mountain area in Huludao city is higher, the Mesomorphy is lower and Ectomorphy is similar.Conclusions The body fat of Han nationality children in country mountain area in Huludao city is more, and the figure of female is slim, but skeleton and muscles are poor. The various trend of somatotype of children with age increasing was found.