国民党与善后会议关系考析

A Study of the Relations between the Guomindang and the Re- construction Conference in 1925

善后会议是中国近代政治史上一次重要会议。国民党对于这次会议的态度十分复杂且数度变化 ,其初为允 ,而后为争 ,最后为拒。国民党与段祺瑞政府就善后会议发生的争执具有“主义”之争的色彩 ,但双方更主要的是在争中央及地方政府的控制权。为了实现和平统一 ,孙中山曾提出妥协方案 ,表现出愿同段氏共谋善后的倾向 ;段也在会议人员构成等方面作了一定的让步。但由于国民党缺乏实力 ,在当时各派政治力量组成的反直同盟中居于相对弱势 ,未能迫使有奉张支持的段政府做出实质性让步 ,双方关系最终破裂。尽管如此 ,由于国民党内部出现左、右分野 ,仍有一部分国民党人参与了善后会议。

The Reconstruction Conference was an important conference in modern Chinese political history. The attitude of the Guomindang toward this conference was very complicated and changed several times, at first approving of, then struggling with, and finally rejecting it. Though the quarrel between the Guomindang and Duan Qirui’s executive government over the conference had an air of ideological dispute, both sides were more concerned with competing for dominance over the central and local governments. In order to reunify the country peacefully, Sun Yat sen presented a compromise plan, expressing a willingness to handle affairs of state together with Duan Qirui. Duan also made some concessions over the composition of the conference’s membership and other issues. However, because the Guomindang was not strong enough, and was in a relatively weak position within the anti Zhili alliance made up of political forces of every faction, it could not force Duan’s government, which was supported by Zhang Zuolin, to make substantial concessions. In the end the two sides broke off. In spite of this, because the Guomindang split into left and right wings, some party members attended the conference.