摘要
本研究以人工诱变的同源四倍体玉米为研究对象,借助石蜡切片,叶整装的显微技术,观察并分析了玉米同源四倍体叶片细胞结构的变化,统计了单位面积内气孔的数目,大小,以及叶绿体含量的多少,都进行了详细的分析,结果表明,同源四倍体玉米叶片横切面的表皮细胞比二倍体玉米大,角质层厚,叶肉细胞大、叶绿体含量多。通过叶整装片的观察统计,同源四倍体玉米叶片单位面积内气孔数目减少约18～42.7个/mm^2,而体积变大,长约增大13.375～23.375μ,宽约增大7.875～28.875μ,染色很深,具有C_4植物的明显特征。
The study analysed the leaf cell structure of maize autotetraploid with the induction of mutation autotetraploid as material and the paraffin—cut section and the microscopy technique. The experiment counted up the stomatal numbers and sizes and chloroplast contents. The result showed that the epidermic cells of autotetraploid were bigger than dipoid, thicker cuticle, bigger leaf cells and a great more chloroplasts. After observing, the leaves of the numbers of autotetraploid stomatal per unit area are low (about 18～42mm^(-2), but the volume of stomatal was big (length, 13. 375～23. 375μm, width 7. 875～28. 875μm), and the leaves of autotetraploid had obvously feature of C_4 plants.
