油松产地、林分和家系遗传变异的研究——Ⅰ苗期子代测定的差异分析

A STUDY ON THE GENETIC VARIATION OF THE PROVENANCE STAND AND FAMILY OF CHINESE PINE(Pinus Tabulae formis Carr. )Ⅰ.THE ANALYSIS OF THE VARIATION IN SEEDLING PROGENY TEST

本文根据巢式设计的模型,分析了油松苗期生长性状的8个产地、20个林分、115个家系、3361个单抹,在产地——林分——家系——单株上的遗传差异。结果表明,四者中以家系内单株(个体)的变异最大,在方差分量中占比重最大,遗传力估值也高。产地内林分变异仅次于家系内单株。林分内家系的变异相对较小。利用优良产地中优良林分的优良家系的亲本建立无性系种子园;或采用选择优良产地中的优良林分及其中的优良家系,在优良家系中再挑选优良单株,进行配合选择,建立实生种子园,预计获得的遗传增益分别为42.99%和53.53%。因此,这两种选育方法均是山西油松遗传改良最佳的策略。

According to a nest design model,genetic variation in seedling growing characters of Chinese pine(Pinus Tabulae- formis Carr.)for 3361 single trees from 115 families,20 stands and 8 provenances in GUANGDI mountains, TAIYUE mountains and ZHONGTIAO mountains in Shanxi province.The results showed that the difference among the single trees was highly significant(p=0.01),composing most part of the variance,showing very high heritabil- ity.The stands showed less variance,showing very high heritability.The stands showed less variation than the single trees.The variation of families within a stand was less than that of the provenances,stands or single trees. A clonal seed orchard was established,using the parents from the best families of the best stands in the best provenances,or choosing the best single trees.A seedling seed orchard was established by combining the best single trees selected from the best families,which were selected from the best stands and provenances.It was established that the genetic gain will be 42.99 per cent and 53.53 per cent,repectively in the two seed orchards.The two selec- tive methods will be the best for genetic improvement of Chinese pine in Shanxi province.