我国北部农牧交错区城郊土地利用时空变化——以包头市为例

Study on the Temporal and spatial Change of Land Use in the Farming-pasturing Ecotones in North China——A Case Study in Baotou City

以包头市城郊区为例,在地理信息系统支持下,以乡镇(苏木)为研究单元,研究本地区土地利用时空动态变化过程,并分析其变化驱动因素。从微观角度分析了北方农牧交错区城郊区土地利用变化特征。农牧交错区是人类活动影响强烈之地带,土地利用变化与土地持续利用研究,对生态安全和地区持续发展具有十分重要的意义。

The farming pasturing interlocated zones are the ecotones where the ecological environment is extremely vulnerable; especially the urban areas in these ecotones are densely populated and strongly affected by human activities. The pressure on the natural resources and the environment in the peripheral regions of the urban areas in these ecotones will become more serious along with the population growth and the rapid social and economic development. The research on land use change and sustainable land use is of momentous significance to the ecological safety and regional sustainable development. In this paper, a case study on the land use change and its temporal and spatial change as well as the driving factors in the suburbs of Baotou City is carried out by using GIS. The results show that the area of cultivated lands was enlarged for 4 423.60 hm 2 in 11 years from 1985 to 1996, and the annual increasing rate was 0.79%; the area of garden plots was reduced in an annual reduction rate of 5.12% during the period of 1985～1991, it, however, was enlarged in an annual enlarging rate of 8.96% during the period of 1992～1996; the area of woodlands was 23787.00 hm 2 in 1985, but is was reduced to 9 332.57 hm 2 in 1996 and reduced by 60.77%; the area of unused lands was reduced by 64.25% during the period of 1985～1991 and by 2.79% during the period of 1992～1996 due to the reclamation and the enlargement of grasslands; the area of traffic used lands was sharply enlarged from 2 872.40 hm 2 in 1985 to 3 015.51 hm 2 in 1991, and the annual enlarging rates were 0.83% and 3.38% during the periods of 1985～1991 and of 1992～1996 respectively; and the area of waters was reduced from 13 587.32 hm 2 in 1985 to 12 310.15 hm 2 in 1996 and reduced by 9.40%.