遥感技术在新疆生态环境监测与综合评价中的应用

Application of RS Technologies in Monitoring and Synthetically Evalutation on the Eco-environment in Xinjiang

应用RS和GIS技术,对新疆生态环境进行了宏观监测,在此基础上,采用综合指数评价法,对2002年全疆区域各县市的生态环境质量进行了综合评价和分级,并结合2000年的同类数据,对比分析了两年间全疆各县市生态环境质量的动态变化情况。结果表明虽然两年间生态环境质量变化不大,但新疆生态环境质量背景总体较差,而且在空间分布上存在着较大的差异。因此,客观、准确地认识和评价新疆的生态环境质量现状,制定相应的生态环境保护对策,对于新疆社会经济与生态环境的可持续发展是十分重要的。

Being located at the hinterland of Eurasian continent and faraway form oceans, Xinjiang Uygur autonomous region is sited in the northwest of chain and with an area covering over 1.60million square kilometers. Xinjiang geomorphic characteristics are three mountain systems embracing two big basins referred to as “three mountains with two basins in between”. Suffered the unique geomorphic characteristics and geomorphic positions, the eco environmental characteristics of Xinjiang is a representative in the arid land in the world. Dry climates, small quantity of rainfall, sparse vegetation make the the eco environmental quality of Xinjiang present bad conditions. Human beings unreasonable developed activities also make a great pressures on eco environment of Xinjiang. Using the RS and GIS technologies, the paper makes an overall monitoring and a dynamic evaluation and ordination of eco environmental quality of Xinjiang. The result shows that Xinjiang’s ecological environmental quality is in poor conditions. And the ecological environmental quality has a difference in spatial. Compare with the 2000, the quality of ecological environment in 2002 has not too much changes. Objectively and exactly to appraise the eco environmental quality of Xinjiang, constituting the suitable environmental protect countermeasures are very important to xinjiang’s social, economic and eco environmental sustainable development.