固体酸催化酯化反应的研究进展

Research Progress on Esterification Catalyzed by Solid Acids

对目前研究较多的 3类新型催化酯化固体酸催化剂 :固体超强酸、分子筛和杂多酸进行了概述。以SO2 -4/MxOy 型金属氧化物固体超强酸为例 ,介绍了其负载物的结构特点、催化机理及其在酯化反应中的应用 ;按分子筛的发展历程分别简介了沸石类分子筛、中孔分子筛和复合型分子筛 ;并对杂多酸及其化合物的结构组成和催化特点进行了简要评述。最后通过固体酸催化剂目前存在的问题 ,展望了其今后的研究方向和重点。

The three solid acid catalysts much more studied currently i.e. solid super acid,molecular sieve and heteropoly acid were reviewed in this paper. Taking SO 2-_4/M_xO_y metal oxide solid super acid as an example, the structure characteristics of supported substance, mechanism of catalytic reaction and its application in esterification were introduced. According to the development course of molecular sieve, the zeolite molecular sieve, mesoporous molecular sieve and compound molecular sieve were also introduced briefly. Meanwhile, the structure composition and catalytic characteristic of heteropoly acid and its compounds were summarized in brief. Finally, the development trend and focal points for researching solid acid catalyst were prospected based on its existing problems presently.