厦门湾沉积物中有害有毒甲藻休眠孢囊及塔玛亚历山大藻的潜在危害

Resting cysts of harmful and toxic dinoflagellates and potential damage of Alexandrium tamarense from Xiamen Bay sediments

本工作通过分析厦门湾表层沉积物中的甲藻休眠孢囊,发现了1种有毒塔玛亚历山大藻(Alexandriumtamarense)休眠孢囊,及两种有害甲藻休眠孢囊:锥状斯氏藻(Scrippsiellatrochoidea)、具刺膝沟藻(Gonyaulaxspinifera).对塔玛亚历山大藻进行了培养,并初步研究了该藻的毒性及贝类对其毒素的积累.研究结果表明,厦门海域沉积物中的塔玛亚历山大藻是有毒的.它的较适宜生长环境条件是:水温20～25℃,盐度为25～30,光照度为3000～5000lx.塔玛亚历山大藻在每年的4月26日至6月10日、10月11日至11月20日可能会形成有害藻华,危害厦门海域的海洋生物并可能威胁到人类的健康和生命安全.

After analyzing the dinoflagellate resting cysts from the surface sediments of Xiamen Bay, one toxic species, Alexandrium tamarense and two harmful species,Scrippsiella trochoidea and Gonyaulax spinifera are found. Among them,A. tamarense is cultivated in the laboratory.And then its toxicity and the toxin accumulation in shells are preliminarily studied.The results show that A.tamarensefrom the sediments of Xiamen sea area is toxic. Its relatively suitable growing environmentis under the conditions of temperature 20～25℃, salinity 25～30, and irradiance (3 000)～5 000 lx. A.tamarense might form harmful algal blooms during26 Apr. to 10 Juneand 11 Oct.to 20 Nov. every year, which will endanger the marine organisms andmay (damage) the health and life safety of human beings in Xiamen sea area.