两种一次性塑料餐盒的生命周期评价比较研究

Comparison of Two Kinds of Fast Food Container Using the Life-Cycle Assessment (LCA) Methodology

一次性泡沫塑料餐盒是白色污染的主要原因之一.采用生命周期评价方法对发泡聚苯乙烯餐盒和光／生物降解餐盒进行了比较研究.研究结果表明,两种餐盒的环境影响主要产生于生产阶段,主要影响为资源损害;在废弃后70％回收再生的情况下,发泡聚苯乙烯餐盒的环境协调性优于光／生物降解餐盒.废弃后不同处置情景的比较研究表明发泡聚苯乙烯餐盒废弃后回收再生是环境协调性最高的处置方式,而光／生物降解餐盒废弃后焚烧的环境协调性优于填埋.在此基础上,提出了两种餐盒的生态设计建议.

Disposable expanded polystyrene fast food container is one of the main causes of 'white pollution'. A comparison study on expanded polystyrene(EPS) fast food containers and photicly/bioticly degrad-able ones has been carried out using the life cycle assessment (LCA) methodology. The result shows that the enviro nmental impacts of the two kinds of fast food container are mostly originated from production stage, and the main impacts are resources damage. The enviro nmental harmony of EPS fast food container is higher than photicly/bioticly degradable ones when 70% of it is collected and recycled after being used. A comparison study on waste disposal scenarios shows that collecting and recycling has less enviro nmental impacts than incinerating or landfilling for EPS fast food container, and incinerating has less enviro nmental impacts than landfilling for photicly/bioticly degradable fast food containers. Some suggestions on ecological design of two kinds fast food container are put forward.