面向软件产品家族的变化性建模方法

Modeling Variability in Software Product Family

用户需求和运行环境的变化增加了软件产品开发、维护和演化的难度.另一方面,如果能对同类软件(比如软件产品家族)的变化性实施有效的控制,则可以极大地促进软件复用,提高软件生产效率和质量.对变化性建模是控制变化性的有效手段,既有助于变化性的识别和规约,又能够提供足够的机制支持变化性的演化.提出了一种面向产品家族的变化性建模方法,以变化性的管理策略为指导,从扩展的用况(use case)模型入手捕获系统行为的变化性,以特征模型来组织功能性需求和质量属性并识别其变化性,两种模型对变化性的建模采用相同的机制.还结合一个实例讨论了产品家族变化性建模的全过程.该研究对产品家族变化性的分析与建模具有一定的参考作用.

To accommodate the frequent changes of user requirements and operating environments, software systems have to be much more flexible. Fortunately, modeling variability is just a realistic and efficient approach to controlling variability and implementing software reuse, which does well not only in identifying and expressing variability, but also in assisting the management of variability evolution. This paper proposes an approach to modeling variability in product family. In this approach, variabilities of system behaviors are modeled through extended use case models, while variabilities in functionality and quality are captured by feature models, and above all, both the models adopt consistent mechanisms to model variability. Summarily, the whole modeling process of the approach is discussed systematically through a real software family on mobile phone.