汽车尾气对四种北方阔叶树叶绿素荧光特性的影响

Effects of automobile exhaust on chlorophyll fluorescence characters of four northern deciduous trees.

采用开顶式熏气室研究了汽车尾气对五角槭、山荆子、山梨和茶条槭 4树种叶绿素荧光参数的影响。采用了相同浓度不同处理时间和相同处理时间不同浓度两种方法进行熏气处理。结果表明 ,随着熏气时间的延长和熏气浓度的增加 ,4树种的荧光参数Fv/Fm、Fv/F0 、ΦPSII、qP均逐渐降低 ,qN则逐渐上升。 4树种荧光参数的变化幅度不同 ,其中山荆子变化幅度最大 ,茶条槭的变化幅度最小 ,五角槭和山梨介于两者之间。以叶绿素荧光参数评价 4树种抗污染胁迫能力 ,茶条槭最强 ,五角槭和山梨次之 ,山荆子最弱。

The effects of automobile exhaust on chlorophyll fluorescence parameters of 4 tree species,Acer mono Malus bacata Pyrus ussuriensis and Acer ginnala were tested by means of fumigation in open top chamber.During fumigation test,the four plants were exposed to exhaust of the same concentration for different time span and same time span but different concentrations.The results showed that the chlorophyll fluorescence parameters (Fv/Fm、Fv/F 0、ΦPSII、qP ) of leaves of four plants decreased with the increase of fumigation time or the increase in concentration of the exhaust,whereas the qN increased.Great variations were found in the chlorophyll fluorescence parameters among the four species tested.Greatest responses were detected with the parameters of Malus bacata,intermediate with those of Acer mono and Pyrus ussuriensis and least with those of Acer ginnala.Evaluated by the shift of chlorophyll fluorescence parameters,the tolerance of the four tree species to automobile exhaust oriented pollution followed the order of Acer ginnala >Acer mono and Pyrus ussuriensis >Malus bacata.