若尔盖高原湿地土壤的恢复演替及其水分与养分变化

Restoration succession of wetland soils and their changes of water and nutrient in Ruoergai Plateau.

用野外调查和室内分析结合的方法研究了若尔盖高原湿地土壤的生态演替及土壤有效水分和养分的变化 ,以探讨湿地生态恢复过程对土壤演变及肥力状况的影响。结果表明 ,在若尔盖高原湿地生态恢复过程中 ,土壤类型发生相应的生态演替 ,其恢复演替序列为风沙土→草甸土→沼泽土→泥炭土。在这一演替序列中 ,随着湿地水分的恢复 ,土壤有效水分含量大幅度增加 ,土壤全N、全P ,有效N、P、K的含量亦明显增加 ,全K含量变化规律不明显 ,除全K外 ,全N、全P和有效N、P、K含量在剖面上的分布均表现为表层 >亚表层 >底层。湿地土壤的恢复演替以及土壤有效水分和养分含量的变化均表现出与湿地生态环境条件变化的一致性 ,湿地生态恢复促进了土壤肥力水平的提高。

Restoration succession of wetland soils and their changes of water and nutrients were studied with field investigation and laboratorial analysis to explore the effect of ecological restoration on wetland soil evolution and soil fertility in Ruoergai Plateau.The results indicated that there was an ecological succession of wetland soil types and its restoration successive series followed the order of aeolian sandy soil,meadow,bog soil and then peat soil.With the water restoration in wetland,the contents of available soil water,total soil N,P and available N,P,K increased,while there was no obvious change in total soil K.The distribution of total N,P and available N,P,K on soil profile showed surface layer (0～20 cm)>subhorizon (20～40 cm)>ground layer (40～60 cm) except the total soil K.There was a high coordination between the changes of available water,nutrients and wetland ecological environment in Ruoergai Plateau.Wetland ecological restoration was helpful to the improvement of soil fertility.