2612例急诊科药物中毒病例调查

Study of drug poisoning on 2612 cases in the department of emergency

目的分析综合医院急诊科药物中毒的特点。方法选择25家综合医院急诊科为调查点,设计调查表,对1年内到所选取调查点就诊的药物中毒患者进行登记。结果收集药物中毒病例2612例,占同期急诊病例031%,占同期中毒病例的2342%。男女性别比1345,平均年龄3033岁,15～34岁占6960%(1818例),前3位职业依次为农民、待业和服务业,9912%的接触途径是经口,8457%是自杀自杀未遂(本文统称为自杀),女性自杀构成比高于男性。最常见的药物类别是1抗焦虑药;2解热止痛、抗炎、抗风湿药;3抗精神病药。仅有168%的药物中毒患者是进行了药物检测。结论应加强药物管理,建立药物中毒监测体系,提高药物中毒诊断救治水平。

Objective To analyze the characteristics of the drug poisoning. Methods In the 25 department of emergency selected hospitals, design questionnaires to register the drug poisoning patients who seeking emergency treatment within one-year period. Results Collected 2 612 cases of drug poisoning patients, accounted as 0.31% of the aggregated number of emergency patients at the same time, as well as 23.42% of poisoning patients at the same time. The sexual proportion between males and females was 1:3.45, average age was 30.33 years, and the age groups between 15-34 years were the high potentials. The three top ranking industries were farmers, unemployed ones and services. Amongst the samples, 99.12% of them were exposed by mouth transmission. 84.57% were committed as suicides. The medicines most frequently adopted were 1.antianxity drugs; 2.analgesics antipyretic and antirheumatic drugs; 3.antipsychotropic drugs. Only 1.68% of the drug poisoning patients were diagnosed through blood-medicine. Conclusion It is recommended to enhance the administration and education of medicines. To establish monitoring system for drug intoxication and improve the quality of diagnose and treatment of drug poisoning patients.