一些硝化细菌的分离与鉴定

ISOLATION AND IDENTIFICATION OF NITRITE-OXIDIZING BACTERIA

采用硝化细菌选择培养基从土壤、污水中筛选获得了 10株细菌 (X0 1～X10 ) ,经革兰氏染色及生理生化鉴定均为革兰氏阴性菌 ,呈杆状或球状 ,均能够利用亚硝酸盐 .电镜观察发现 ,这 10株细菌均具有比较复杂的细胞膜结构 ,与报道的硝化细菌所特有的膜结构相同 .对硝化细菌的特征性基因norB进行检测结果表明 ,所有菌株均可扩增出该基因 .初步判断所筛选的细菌为硝化细菌 ,依据《伯杰细菌鉴定手册》进行分类 ,主要为硝化杆菌、硝化球菌和硝化刺菌属等 .图 3表 4参

Environmental samples were cultured in a special selective enrichment culture for nitrite-oxidizing bacteria, and identified by biochemical methods, gram-stain reaction, PCR and electron microscope. 10 strains of bacteria were screened and isolated by enrichment culture from soil and sewage, and were named X01～X10 in turn, which were all gram-negative microorganisms and rod or cocci bacteria. The nitrification rates ranged from 4.4 to 5.0 mg L -1d -1. All strains had complicated cell membranes, which were the same as the reported nitrite-oxidizing bacteria. The distinctive gene norB was detected by nested PCR. On basis of the above experiments, the isolated 10 strains of bacteria were possibly classified as Nitrobacteria, Nitrospina and Nitrococcus, respectively. Fig 3, Tab 4, Ref 15