时期数总体的抽样设计方法

The Sampling Design Method for Time Number Population

时期数,即其数值与观测时期的长短有关的数。一般它是一段时间内所观测到的数量的累加。由众多时期数组成的总体称为时期数总体。运输量是时期数。为了统计调查某地区年运输量,我国当前普遍采用典型和抽样相结合的方法。针对现行方法存在的问题,本文提出了“以时间为分层标志”将时期分解成若干时间分量,进行分层随机抽样的思想和抽样计算的方法。文章并从科学性、经济性和适用性等方面,对上述方法进行了比较。

Time number is a number whose value is related to the observation time. Generally, it is the summation of numbers observed during a period. The population, which consists of a collection of time numbers, is called time number population. The prevalent method for the statistical survey of the yearly transportation volume of a district in China is a combination of special survey with the sampling method, which has been proved to be defective. This paper suggests a layered sampling method, in which the time is taken as the characteristic of the layers and the time number decomposed into time components. Moreover, a comparison is made between the two methods in terms of soundness, effectiveness and usability.