广东省嗜人按蚊分布同自然地理、社会经济的关系

Relationship between the distribution of Anopheles anthropophagus and the conditions of natural geography and social economy in Guangdong province

目的 通过对嗜人按蚊分布区的自然地理因素和社会经济因素进行调查 ,描述广东省嗜人按蚊分布与自然地理和社会经济的关系。方法 选择若干个存在嗜人按蚊的自然村 ,调查每个村的自然环境、地形地貌、水体状况、土壤特征、气象因子、耕作制度和社会经济环境等 6 8项因素 ;各指标量化后输入计算机 ,用SPSS8.0 /forwindows统计软件包进行制表和数据分析。结果 广东省嗜人按蚊分布于珠江三角洲地区 ,11个存在嗜人按蚊的市 (县 ) ,自北纬 2 5°以南 ,东经 113°到东经 115°之间 ,沟溪 (渠 )是当前我省嗜人按蚊区最重要的水体类型 ;水体的水质清澈 (95 % ) ,遮阴良好 (95 % )。每亩耕地的农药使用量为 2 .3kg ,甘蔗和香蕉少用或不用农药。结论 嗜人按蚊在广东呈点、片状分布 ,以低山丘陵区为主 ,并喜分布于酸性土质 ;其主要孳生地是遮阴良好的沟溪、甘蔗地和香蕉地 ;嗜人按蚊区的气候以温暖湿润、阳光充沛为特点 ;流行区居民人均收入低 ,经济状况不佳 ,主要耕种甘蔗、香蕉、双季稻等农作物 ;水稻田农药使用量较甘蔗、香蕉、双季稻等经济作物为大 ,后者受杀虫剂影响较小 ,嗜人按蚊种群密度较高。

To describe the relationship between the distribution of An.anthropophagus and the conditions of natural geography and social economy in Guangdong province by surveying the factors of the natural geography and social economy in An.anthropophagus distribution areas.Some natural villages with An.anthropophagus exists were chosen and 68 factors that can reflect their conditions, including natural environment, topography, the condition of water body, soil features, meteorology, farming system and social economy,were surveyed. Every index was input into the computer after quantified and the table making and data analysis were done by SPSS 8.0/for windows software. An. anthropophagus in Guangdong was distributed in pearl river delta area, including 11 cities (or counties), the south to 25 degrees north latitude and 113 to 115 degrees east longitude; Brooks, irrigation canals and ditches were the most important types of water body in the current An.anthropophagus distribution area in this province; The quality of water body was clear (95%) and well-shadowed (95%); The usage of farm chemical was 2.3 kg for one mu of cultivated land.An. anthropophagus was distributed in dots and patches in Guangdong province, mainly in low mountain and hilly land, and favored acid soil; Well shadowed crooks and ditches, sugarcane and banana fields were the main breeding places of An. anthropophagus; An. anthropophagus distribution area was characteristic of a warm, humid, and sunny climate; The residents in those areas had poor economic status with low income; The main crops were sugarcane, banana and double season rice in An. anthropophagus distribution areas and much farming chemical were used in fields.