建国以来我国蝗灾防治工作的历史考察

A historical review of the prevention and treatment of locust calamities in China since 1949

建国以来,我国平均每间隔3-5年就爆发一次严重的蝗灾,危害面积广泛而严重,对于农业生产的安全和农业产值的提高构成严重威胁,影响到社会的稳定。新中国成立后,党和政府对治蝗工作十分重视,构建了多层次、全方位的治蝗救灾体系,围绕化学防治和改造蝗虫发生地这两条主线开展了系统的治蝗工程。从20世纪50年代到80年代以后,由"控制阶段"到"改治并举",再到基本根除,蝗灾防治工作逐渐成熟,出现了注意生态效益的可喜变化,防治能力大大增强。

Severe locust calamities happen once every three to five years on average. Each occurrence destroys a huge area, severely threatening the security and the growth of value of agricultural production, and even the social stability. Since the founding of New China, however, efficient measures have been taken to deal with the locusts. A rescue system has been set up with chemical prevention and geographical projects. In addition, a series of preventive projects since 1950s till 1980s have substantially improved from prevention stage to curing, and eradication stage. Hence, with the increasingly preventive competence of locust calamities, China has basically achieved the bio-ecological environment.