对优秀花样游泳运动员高原训练的监控

Functional Investigation of Chinese Synchronized Swimming Athletes during Altitude Training

对国家花样游泳队 4 3名运动员于 2 0 0 3年 10月的高原训练进行全程跟踪 ,并测试相关生理生化指标 ,结果发现 ,上高原后 ,运动员Hb、T、RBC、HCT、WBC等指标均稳步上升 ,尤其是Hb、RBC、HCT ,在上高原后第 2周明显升高 ,与刚上高原比较均有非常显著性差异 (P <0 0 0 1)。与第 2周比较 ,第 3周升高幅度较小 ,但睾酮显著升高 ,上述指标在第 4周达到较高值。CK的高值出现在上高原后第 2周 ,为 2 0 8 33± 92 2 6U/L ,第 3周、第 4周则持续下降。WBC数无显著变化 ,但有上升趋势 ,提示运动训练负荷不高。建议高原训练时 ,在血红蛋白出现第 1次峰值时 ,可考虑增加运动负荷 ,尤其是运动强度 ,以达到提高机体潜能、强化提高体能的目的。

During one month altitude training, physiological and biochemical indicator were tested in 43 Chinese synchronized swimming athletes. The results showed that Hb , T, RBC, HCT, WBC were all increased, especially Hb, RBC, HCT increased signifi cantly in the second week. Comparing with the second week, the increased amplitu de in the third week declined, but T remained at high level. These parameters re ached peak and ideal level in the fourth week. Peak CK was found in the second w eek(208.33±92.26 U/L), then declined, indicating the exercise intensity after t he second week was inadequte. Results suggested that exercise intensity should b e increased when Hb reached to it's peak level so as to improve the potential p hysical performance.