电力市场下实用可中断负荷补偿机制研究

A Practical Compensation Mechanism for the Interruptible Loads in the Power Market Environment

为有效管理和利用可中断负荷,实现电网经济、安全运行,从经济角度进行成本、效益分析,引入一个停电阈值价格概念,使不同的负荷的利润具有可比性,并提出了根据阈值价格确定可中断负荷补偿费的两种方法,即固定补偿费和动态补偿定价算法,实现了补偿和利润的联动机制,动态反应价格波动对补偿费的影响,符合市场规律。该机制合理地解决了目前可中断负荷研究面临的两大难题:如何激励负荷积极参加可中断负荷服务;如何制定合理的补偿费。文中还提出了供需平衡时购买可中断负荷后区域电价计算的模型。仿真计算利用加拿大不同负荷停电成本为依据,分析说明该方法可行,具有实用价值。

The way of efficient managing and utilizing interruptible loads is important for economic and security operation of the electricity network. The mechanism, which analyzes costs and profits in view of economical points, can compare profits of different loads by introducing the outage threshold price at first. Algorithms for determining the interruptible load compensation fee, fixed compensation fee and dynamic compensation price are then proposed according to the outage threshold price. In this way, the method connects the compensation with profit and reflects the effect of price on compensation fee dynamically. The mechanism finally provides reasonable answers to two difficult problems in current studies of interruptible loads: how loads are inspired to participate the interruptible load service and how reasonable compensation fees are determined. It also presents the calculation model for the area energy price through purchasing interruptible loads when supply and demand are balanced. Examples of outage costs for different loads in Canada are illustrated by use of simulation and the conclusion justified the proposed method feasible and practical.