汽油发动机的高温冷却

H.T.C.Concept Applied in Gasoline Engines

本文从理论角度分析了高温冷却能促进和优化汽油机燃烧过程的机理,通过对一台汽油发动机进行高温冷却试验后,在降低油耗、改善排放等方面得到了一些收获,即在低转速部分工况下可得最佳节油率7.94％;排气中CO及HC含量可望降低20％。作者用燃烧分析仪对全部测试数据进行处理和分析,结果发现采用高温冷却后在急燃阶段中的气缸压力升高比和放热速率都有上升趋势,热效率的计算结果表明,高温冷却对改进润滑状态、降低气缸摩擦功消耗和提高机械效率方面起到重要作用,是获得较高的节油率指标的关键因素。

To achieve the economy potential of fuel and possible reduction in emission towards the high temperature cooling concept (H. T. C.) applied in gasoline engines, a series of experiments were accomplished. Engine test results showed the following benefits of the H. T. C. method: 6% of consumption could be reduced at partial load 3%-4% at full load. The carbon monoxide and Hydro-carbons emission level could be lowered by 15%-20% than that in the baseline cooled engine. Data acquired from a combustion analyser, indicated a shorting in the main-combustion process duration and therefore there was a corresponding rise both in pressure rise rate and heat-release rate. However, an increase apparent in mechanical efficiency suggested that engine losses due to wall friction which constituted the greater part of the total losses had been dropped a lot under a sufficient H. T. C. condition, e. g. 110℃, and thus that seems to be a dominantly influencing factor for obtaining fuel-economy.