动物生长激素的基因工程研究

GENETIC ENGINEERING OF GROWTH HORMONE FROM ANIMALS

天然生长激素(GH)是由动物和人垂体分泌的一种22kD 多肽分子,具有促进机体生长等多方面的效应。运用基因工程研制 GH,用于畜牧业生产和医学治疗具有重大的开发价值。本文综述了十多年来国际上 GH 的基因工程研究,内容涉及 GH 基因的克隆与表达策略、GH 基因结构分析、GH 基因在原核系统中的胞内表达和分泌型表达、GH 基因在真核系统中的表达、GH 基因在动植物转基因个体制作中的应用以及 GH 基因的表达调控机制。通过比较和评估认为,原核系统的高效表达技术已日臻成熟,是基因工程 GH 产业化相对简便和易于奏效的方法,而动植物生物反应器或个体表达系统的建立则可望成为 GH 大规模生产的最佳途径。

The history and current status of research attempts and progress on the ge- netic engineering of growth hormone from animals including human were reviewed,which covered the strategy for cloning of the gene coding for growth hormone,intracellular expres- sion of growth hormone in the form of inclusion body in prokaryotic system,extracellular expression of growth hormone by using excretion-type plasmids in prokaryotic cells,expres- sion of the gene encoding growth hormone in eukaryotic system,esp.in mammalian cell lines,application of foreign growth hormone gene in transgenic animals and plants,as well as expression regulation of growth hormone gene. The advantages and disadvantages in the research aspects mentioned above were evaluat- ed,meanwhile,the significance and trends for theoretical research and practical development of genetic engineering of animal growth hormone were also discussed.