爱与拯救:艾丽斯·沃克妇女主义的灵魂

Love and Salvation: On Alice Walker's Womanism

当代美国黑人女作家艾丽斯·沃克自称为一名妇女主义者(womanist),认为妇女主义者之于女性主义者犹如紫颜色之于淡紫颜色。根据沃克的定义,妇女主义者热爱妇女热爱斗争热爱人民热爱生活热爱自然热爱地球,妇女主义者致力于拯救民族心灵完整和健康。这种以爱与拯救为灵魂的妇女主义思想始终贯穿于沃克的艺术创作,而尤以普利策文学奖获奖作品《紫颜色》为杰出代表。折射到现实生活层面,则衍生为沃克的激进主义(activism),从早年投身的黑人民权运动到对9.11恐怖袭击的愤然指控,从反核污染到公开致信谴责克林顿政府对古巴的食物禁运政策等。妇女主义是解读沃克不可或缺的金钥匙,妇女主义批评也成为当代美国文学文化批评中不可忽视的少数话语。

This paper intends to explore Alice Walker's womanism, which is said to be like feminism as purple to lavender. It argues that love and salvation is in the soul of Walker's womanism and it finds profound expression in her writings. Reflected in her life, this best explains her activism for she has participated most actively in such activities ranging from the Civil Rights Movement to the latest attack on the explosion of World Trade Center and the Pentagon. As a result, womanist criticism remains an inspiration for expression of minority discourse and has become another significant wildness in the comprehensive contemporary American culture criticism discourse.