基于技术能力之上的技术追赶战略动态模式

The Dynamic Model of Catching-up Strategy:A Technological Capabilities Perspective

发展中国家及其企业在技术追赶中应该如何行动,这是学术界研究的一个热点问题,为此,本文从技术能力角度对发展中国家企业的技术追赶战略进行了系统研究,主要结论为:为了提高技术追赶的绩效,在技术追赶过程中,追赶者必须努力保持技术能力和追赶战略之间的动态平衡性,当技术能力较弱时,技术追赶战略应该倾向于选择成熟并且是劳动密集型的技术和产品,通过技术许可,采用路径依从型的技术发展路线开始技术追赶。当技术能力得到提升,特别地,当技术能力较强时,技术追赶战略则应倾向于采用自主研发,开辟新的技术路径,发展新兴和技术密集型技术和产品进行技术追赶。

How developing countries and their firms do to catch up is the hot topic that academic fields have been studying.This article systematically researches catching-up strategy of developing countries firms from technological capabilities perspective.Main conclusions are as below:In order to improve the effect of technological catching-up,catching-up firms should balance the relationships between technological capabilities and catching-up strategy.When technological capabilities are weak,catching-up strategy should be emphasized on developing mature and labor-intensive products by technology licensing and following the technological paths that developed countries firms went through.However,when technolgical capabilities are raised,especially,technological capabilities become strong enough,catching-up strategy should be inclined to develop new and technology-intensive products by self R&D and initiating new technological paths.