粳稻抗褐飞虱育种与品种的抗性

BREEDING OF JAPONICA RICE VARIETY FOR RESISTANCE TO BROWN RICE PLANT HOPPER AND RESISTANCE OF VARIETY

国内外水稻抗源筛选工作证明,目前尚未发现抗褐飞虱(Nilaparvate lugens Stal)的粳稻抗源。本研究旨在将籼稻的抗褐飞虱基因导入粳稻品种。采用粳籼杂交、回交、复交、苗期筛选、二级鉴定等技术,率先育成了抗褐飞虱品种——沪粳抗。经遗传分析、叶鞘细胞内硅质化程度电子显微镜观察、若虫成虫非嗜好性、成虫产卵量、蜜露量等抗生性测定,结合田间褐飞虱虫量分布系统调查,结果表明:沪粳抗对褐飞虱具有中等抗性。室内抗性测定与大田抗性表现一致,上海市郊,1985年,1987年,1988年褐飞虱大发生,沪粳抗未用任何药剂防治,均表现了良好的田间抗性。

The worldwide works of screening resistant source in rice demonstrated that so far the resistant source resistant to brown rice plant hopper (Nilaparvata lugens) was not yet found for Japonica rice variety. Our study aimed to transmit the gene resistant to brown rice plant hopper in Indica variety to Japonica variety. The Japonica rice variety Hujingkang resistant to brown rice plant hopper was then firstly bred by using the techniques of Japonica-indica crossing, back crossing,repeated crossing,nursery screening, two-step testing,etc. According to the results of genetic analysis,observation of silicification degree of rice sheath cells under electron microscope, tests for non-preference of hopper nymphs and adults,egg deposition rate of adults ,honeydew production,etc. together with the survey of the hopper population distribution in fields, it was demonstrated that the Japonica variety Hujingkang had a medium resistance to the brown rice plant hopper. The results obtained in indoor resistance test were well accordant with the pest-resistance performance of this variety in fields. In the years 1985,1987and 1988,there were strong occurrences of brown rice plant hoppers in Shanghai area, the variety Hujingkang showed always good resistance to the pest in fields when any pesticide wasn't applied.