量子描述和超弦描述

Quantum Description and Superstring Description

量子理论和超弦理论标志着对微观世界的两类典型描述。量子描述建立在量的基础之上,这种形式化描述本身会遇到难以处理的问题。量子理论与相对论难以协调,归根结底由于量子力学描述只是单纯量的描述,而相对论则包含了形的描述。超弦描述扬弃了粒子(点状物)而采用具有有限大小的弦,从而能使对微观世界的描述保持自洽。但超弦理论在实验基础方面的不足,又使我们不能不立足于量子描述。在量子描述的基础上,超弦描述是对微观世界描述的一种重要扩展。

The theories of quantum and superstring mark two types of decription of the micro-world. Quantum description, which is based on superstring description, is doomed to have some hard-dealt problems, as a formal description. The impossibility to reconcile the quantum theory and the relativity theory lies in the fact that the description in quantum mechanism isa simple description, while the relativity theory embodies a formal description. Superstring description gives up the particles (dot-shaped), but adopts the strings with limited size, so asto make an appropriate description of the micro-world. However, superstring theory is not sufficient in experiments so that we have to base on quantum description. With this foundation, superstring theory makes an extension of the micro-world description.