A型食用菌制种消毒剂(A食消)的杀菌效果

STUDY ON GERMICIDAL EFFICACY OF DISINFECTANT TYPE A USED IN EDIBLE FUNGI SPAWN-MAKING

以洗必泰-碘络合物为主研制的 A 型食用菌制种消毒剂(A 食消),对绿色木霉、链孢霉、黑曲霉和白色青霉孢子的 MIC 和 MBC 分别是相等的,依次为16,16,16,8μg/ml。A 食消对这些霉菌孢子的 MIC 为甲醛的1/8～1/64、煤酚皂的1/32～1/64;其 MBC 为甲醛的1/8～1/64、煤酚皂的1/64～1/128。悬液内(20℃)0.025%A 食消5～30min 能杀灭枯草杆菌黑色变种芽胞和白色念珠菌孢子。0.05%A 食消5～30min 能杀灭绿色木霉、链孢霉、黑曲霉和白色青霉孢子。气雾柜中(26℃、相对湿度70%～73%)17mg/m^3A 食消对黑曲霉和白色青霉孢子气溶胶,20min 能杀灭99.9%以上。随着剂量增加、温度升高、作用时间的延长、湿度的降低,其杀菌效果均可增强。食用菌接种室空间现场喷雾消毒,20mg/m^3A 食消,10～20min 污染霉菌的杀灭率可达97.3%～97.9%,接种香菇成品率可达97.5%。该制剂性能稳定、无毒副作用,是食用菌制种的理想消毒剂。

Disinfectant type A(ED-A)used in edible fungi spawn-making containing chlorhexidine-iodine complex was developed and tested in laboratory and field.The result of experiments with this disinfectant solution indicated that its MIS and MBC on Trichoderma viride,Neurospora spp,Aspergillus niger,Penicillum albidum were respectively equal. They were all in turn 16,16,16,and 8μg/ml on the four contaminating molds,and the MIC was only 1/8～1/64 of that for formaldehyde,and 1/32～1/64 of that for cresol with soap; the MBC was only 1/8～1/64 of that for formaldehyde,and 1/64～1/128 of that for cresol with soap. 0.025% ED-A in spore suspension could kill spores of Bacillus subtilis var.niger (ATCC,9372)and Candida albicans(ATCC,10231)after 5～30 min of contact at 20℃, and 0.05% ED-A in spore suspension could kill spores of Trichoderma viride,Neurospora spp.,Aspergillus niger,Penicillum albidum after 5～30min.of contact at 20℃. Spray of ED-A at a dose of 17 mg/m^3 aerosol chamber could kill over 99.9% of As- pergillus niger spores and Penicillum albidum spores in air after 20 min.of contact at 26℃ and relative humidity of 70%～73%.The germicidal efficacy of ED-A increased with in- creasing dose,raising temperature,prolonged contact time and reduced relative humidity. Spray of ED-A at a dose of 20 mg/m^3 field could reduce natural contaminating molds in air by 97.3～97.9% after 10～20 min.of contact.Finished product rate of mushroom was 97.5%. The ED-A at tested concentrations has no adverse effect on man and was stable on prop- erty.