如何培养合格的医学人才来夯实公共卫生这道墙

Keep the Public Healthy through Educating Qualified Medical and Public Health Professionals

要夯实公共卫生这道墙,在医学人才培养上,临床医学专业(无论是各医学专科还是全科医学)应该非常重视预防医学的教育;而公共卫生人才应该分层次培养,即以大专或本科培养在社区工作的公共卫生护士,以公共卫生硕士()培养高层次的公共卫生领导者。在能力培养上,要加强医学生预防医学MPH的态度、知识和技能的培养,使他们在临床场所能敏锐地察觉和报告公共卫生问题,在日常的临床工作中能根据就诊者的实际情况提供个体化的健康维护计划,能参与促进社区人群健康的工作。对公共卫生专业的学生,除了教授传统公共卫生的内容(流行病学、卫生统计学、职业与环境卫生、卫生管理)外,必须加强行为科学与健康促进、信息学、基因组学、沟通、文化、社区卫生、全球卫生、政策与法律、公共卫生伦理的教学。此外,还应吸纳非医学背景的人员进入公共卫生人才培养的领域里,为公共卫生体系输送合格的领袖级人才。

To keep the public healthy, two teams from medical and public health should be addressed. For medical students, strengthening education of Preventive Medicine is a key. Medical students should have appropriate attitude, knowledge and skills of preventive medicine. They should be educated with skills how to identify and report problems of public health in clinic settings, how to provide clinical preventive services, and how to involve into community health. In China, training programs of public health nurses in community health centers and the public health leadership in high levels of public health agencies should be emphasized. Competence education of public health should include behavior science and health promotion, informatics, geometrics, communication, culture, community health management, global health, policy and legislation for health, ethics of public health under ecological model in addition to epidemiology, health statistics, occupational and environmental health, and health management.