多重分形及其在地形特征分析中的应用

Multi-fractal and its application in terrain character analysis

采用多重分形谱进行地形特征的分析 ,多重分形谱参数分层次地刻画了空间内部的精细结构 ,突出了异常局部变化特征 ,因而能够获得准确的地形特征信息 ,并从复杂的地形数据中选出具有明显个性特征的区域 ,可与分形维数结合进行地形地貌的区域分类和路径选取 .实验结果表明 ,多重分形的奇异谱函数比简单的分形维数能提供更多的信息 ,克服了分形维数相同情况下区域无法区分的困难 ,地形的提取特征结果更为符合实际情况 ,可被有效地用于导航和航迹规划过程中 .

The multi-fractal spectrum of natural surfaces was computed and analyzed with the multi-fractal method. The parameters of multi-fractal spectrum were used to describe hierarchically refined structure of terrain and pop out the singularity characters of local area. Thus, the exact characterization of terrain surfaces is obtained, the areas that have distinct thumbprint can be selected from complicated terrain. Combining multi-fractal spectrum parameters with the fractal dimension of single fractal, the terrain areas can be classified, and selection of flight path can be done. The results of experiment show that multi-fractal spectrum function is effective and better than single fractal in acquiring terrain character information, the difficulty in classing of terrain when the fractal dimensions are nearly same is solved. Multi-fractal spectrum is more fit for description of complexity and fluctuation of terrain, and can be used effectively in navigation and flight path programming.