燃油添加剂对柴油机排放影响的试验研究

Experimental Study on the Effect of Fuel Additive on Diesel Emissions

柴油机的扩散燃烧方式会产生较高的烟度排放,在燃油中加入少量的燃油添加剂能够改善燃烧过程降低排放.通过在柴油中添加微量的金属添加剂铈(Ce),并在发动机台架上进行实验,研究了Ce对柴油机排放的影响.实验表明,随着Ce的体积分数由5.0×10-5逐渐增加到1.0×10-4,在整个试验转速区间,HC逐渐降低,最多降低41.6％;在低速区,CO降低,最多降低23.4％,在中高速区,则基本与原机相同;在整个试验转速区间,NOx均高于原机,最多增加18.7％,烟度在低速区低于原机,最多降低36.5％,在中高速区则与原机基本相同.

Diesel engines can produce higher soot emissions due to its diffusion combustion mode and small amounts of fuel additives can improve such process and thereby reduce emissions. In our experiments, small amount of metal catalyst Ce was mixed with diesel fuel to investigate the effects of Ce concentration on the diesel emissions on the engine test rig. It was showed that with the increase of Ce from 5.0×10-5 to 1.0×10-4 in volume fraction, within the whole specified range of engine speeds, HC decreased gradually at a maximum reduction rate of 41.6%, CO decreased by 23.4% at most at low speed range, and was kept unchanged at medium-to-high speed range. However, NOx increased by 18.7% at most and soot decreased by 36.5% at low speed range and was kept unchanged at medium-to-high speed range compared with the original.