关于噪声评价用语的研究

A study about noise terms

在中国进行了关于噪声评价用语的社会调查,250名大学生用选择描述法和SD法等两种实验方法,用事先准备好的调查表,对4个声级的6种声源进行了评价.通过对实验数据的统计分析处理得到了以下结果: 1.声源可被分为高声级噪声、低声级噪声、语言声和音乐声等四类. 2.根据对声音的评价结果、所用的形容词也可被分为四类.对于不同类别的声源,要用不同类别的形容词来进行描述. 3.形容词“大的”一般是用于描述声级高的声音,不大用于描述噪声.“喧闹的”和“讨厌的”是贬义词,一般用来描述人对噪声的感受. 4.用选择描述法做评价声音实验比用SD法能获得更多的信息. 5.Cluster分析法、数量化理论Ⅳ类和Biplot分析法是处理声音评价实验数据的有效手段.

A social survey of judgement on sound was taken in China. It was a Cross-Cultural study for investigating noise terms. Six kinds of sound with four levels were judged by students using the methods of Selected Description and Semantic Differential. Some results of the investigation on the basis of statistic analysis are given as follows.On the basis of analyzing data obtained from judging experiment, 24 kinds of sound sources can be divided into four groups,and the adjectives used in evaluating sound yet can be divided into four groups,different groups of sound are evaluated using different groups. The words 'Annoying' and 'Noisy' are usually used to evaluate noise. They express the psychological effect on noise,and have worse connotations. But the word 'loud' hasn't worse connotations,and is neutral,usually it isn't used for evaluating noise. The response of loud-ness on sound is directly proportional to sound level. It is similar with physical measure of sound. On the other hand, the Cluster analysis, Biplot analysis and Quantification Theory of Type IV are effective analysis methods for psychological judgment on sound.