植物群落对昆虫群落及种群生态效应的数学分析

MATHEMATICAL DEMONSTRATION FOR THE ECOLOGICALEFFECTS OF PLANT COMMUNITY ON COMMUNITYAND POPULATION OF INSECT

为探讨植物群落与昆虫群落及种群之间的生态关系,本文运用典范相关,双重筛选逐步回归,判别分析等数学方法,以植物群落9个参数为自变量,以昆虫群落14个参数及松毛虫种群密度为因变量,对森林植物群落结构变化对昆虫群落及赤松毛虫种群所产生的生态效应进行了定量分析。结果表明:森林植物群落以其垂直结构的复杂程度对捕食昆虫类群多样性产生较大影响,植物群落科种组成的复杂程度则对寄生昆虫多样性产生明显的影响,而且二者皆对整个昆虫群落的多样性和稳定性有显著影响。用植物群落结构参数对赤松毛虫种群的发生类别进行判别,经检验与实际情况完全相符。

To understand ecologically the relationship between plant community and the community and population of insect in a forest, the ecological effects that a change in the structure of plant community may have on insect community artd the population of Dendrolimus spectabilis Butter have been quantitatively analysed, based on the mathematical methods such, as canonical analysis, double screening for stepwise regression, etc, in which 9 parameters for plant community were taken as independent variables, arid 14 parameters for insect community and the population density of Dendrolimus spectabilis Butter were taken as dependent variables. The results show that the plar.t community of forest with a greater complexity of its vertical structure can have more effects on the diversity of predatory insect group, that the plant community with, a greater complexity of its family/species composition can have more significant effects on the diversity of parasitic insect group, and that both the above factors can bring about a significant influence on the diversity and stability of the whole insect community. The tests, based on the fisher dismination method for disminating the type of the pine lappet caterpillar population occurred with the parameters for the structure of plant community, produced the results which are consistent completely with the actual situation.