蚱蝉(Cryptotympana atrata Fabricius)自鸣声音色的变化

TIMBRE VARIATIONS OF THE CALLING SONGS OF THE CICADA CRYPTOTYMPANA ATRATA FABRICIUS

蚱蝉自鸣声的音色分为单音色、双音色.及三音色等.本文进一步阐明每种音色的变化及高幅值脉冲对主音色能量的影响.蚱蝉自鸣声音色的变化主要是指频谱主音色频率(MTF)的显著改变、蚱蝉单色自鸣声的MTF主要在4.1—5.8kHz的频带内变化,双音色自鸣声的主次音色频率有相互颠倒现象,MTF主要在3.6—5.4kHz之间,三音色自鸣声的MTF虽然在3.5—4.5kHz比较窄的频带内,但三个音色峰的能量十分接近显示了三种音色成分.同只蚱蝉自鸣声,在不同的鸣声段具有近似相等的最大幅值,但高幅值脉冲个数的多少不同,相应主音色能量的大小与这些脉冲个数的多少对应.

The timbres of the calling songs of the cicada C. atrata in Beijing can be classified into monotones, dual tones and triple tones[1]. In this paper, the variation of each timbre and the energy of the main timbre affected by higher amplitude pulse have been clarified further.The timbre variation of the calling songs of the cicada C. atrata imports mainly the pronounced variations of the main timbre frequency spectra (MTF) . MTF of the calling song of the monotone changes mainly within frequency band 4.1 - 5.8kHz: that of the dual timbre mianly within 3.6-5.4kHz and has reverse phenomenon with the frequency of the secondary timbre in each other ; and that of the triple timbre is although in narrower frequency band 3.5-4.5kHz. the three tonal peaks are very approximate in energy and show clearly three kinds of tonal components.The calling songs of cicada C. atrata have approximately biggest amplitudes in distinct sections of the songs, but the amount of the higher pulses are different, which corresponds to the energy of the main timbre in these song sections.