碘化钾、碘酸钾治疗大鼠缺碘性甲状腺肿的体视学研究

A STEREOLOGICAL STUDY ON GOITER DUE TO IODINE DEFICIENCY TREATED BY KI AND KIO_3

研究碘化钾、碘酸钾对大鼠甲状腺形态学结构的影响。将Wistar大鼠随机分为低碘组（LI），正常组（NI），碘化钾治疗组（KI），碘酸钾治疗组（KIO_3）；治疗3个月后观察甲状腺重量和形态学的变化，并做体视学分析。结果发现，LI组甲状腺相对重量明显高于NI组；LI组甲状腺滤泡及滤泡腔的平均体积VQ、平均表面积SQ、体积密度VV、表面积密度Sv均明显小于NI组，而数密度NV及比表面积S/V均明显高于NI组；治疗3个月后，KI组和KIO_3组的上述指标均有明显恢复，但尚未完全恢复正常。KI组和KIO3组之间各项指标无显著性差异。上述结果表明，低碘可致大鼠甲状腺肿大，甲状腺组织表现出典型的小滤泡增生性改变；KI和KIO_3治疗缺碘性甲状腺肿均有很好的疗效，在本实验期间两者的疗效无显著性差异。

The experiment is designed to study the effect of KI and KIO3 on thyroid morphological structure. Wistar rats were randomly divided into low iodine group(LI), normal group(NI), potassium iodide treatment group(KI), and potassium iodate treatment group(KIO3). Morphological observations and stereological analysis were performed by using routine histological methods and MIAS-2000 image analysis system. A certain number of thyroid follicles and follicular cavities were measured for the stereological analysis. The results showed that the weight of thyroid in LI group was significantly higher than that in NI group, and VQ, SQ, Vv, Sv were significantly lower and Nv, S/V were significantly higher in LI group than those in NI group. After 3 months treatment of KI and KIO3 , all the parameters were noticeably recovered, but some of them were not completely recovered. No significant difference was found between KI treatment group and KIO3 treatment group. It is suggested that iodine deficiency can lead to goiter characterized by typical small follicular hyperplasia of thyroid. KI and KIO3 are very effective on goiter due to iodine deficiency.