碘缺乏地区碘盐干预对儿童智力发育的影响

The Effects of Iodine Supplement on Children's Lintelligence Development in Iodine Deficient Areas

目的 了解碘缺乏地区实施碘盐干预前、干预后 5、1 5年儿童的智力发育水平的变化。方法 碘盐干预前采用“绘人法” ,干预后 5、1 5年采用Stanford -Bined量表测量缺碘组和对照组儿童智商。结果 碘盐干预前、干预后 5、1 5年缺碘组儿童平均智商分别为 71 .1 1± 0 4 6、73 2 6± 1 0 32、86 95±1 0 64,智力低下比例分别为 4 6 79%、2 8 57%、6 67% ;对照组儿童平均智商分别为 78 1 8± 0 4 7、80 59±9 0 1、87 60± 1 0 50 ,智力低下比例分别为 2 5 95%、6 56%、1 82 %。碘盐干预前、干预后 5年缺碘组儿童平均智商与对照组的比较差异有显著性 (P <0 0 1 ) ,且前者低于后者 ,干预后 1 5年缺碘组儿童智商与对照组的差异无显著性。结论 碘盐干预有显著的增智作用 ,只有长期充分的碘盐干预 ,病区儿童的智力发育才能达到非病区的水平。

Objective To compare the intelligence development level of children in iodine deficient area before and affer iodion supplement. Method “Figure Drawing Method”and “Stanford-Bined”method were used to test IQ in children,before and after the iodine supplement respectively in deficient and control area. Results The average IQ of children in the iodine deficient area was 71.11±0.46 before the iodine supplement and 73.26±10.32 and 86.95±10.64 five and 15 years after the iodine supplement. The low intelligence rates were 46.79%,28.57% and 6.67% respectively.In the control area,the children IQ were 78.18±0.47,80.59±9.01 and 87.60±10.50 respectively, and the low intelligence rates were 25.95%,6.56% and 1.82% respectively.Before and five years after the iodine supplement,the a differences of the average IQ between children in two area were statistically significant (P<0.01),but the difference was not significant 15 years after the iodine supplement.Conclusion Lorg term iodine supplement can improve the intelligence development of children in iodine deficient area.