中原龙山城址的聚落考古学研究

Research on Settlement Archaeology of Longshan in Central Plain

在夏商周文明发祥的中原地区，诸多龙山城址已具早期城市性质，并形成了以城址为中心、明显具有不稳定性和对抗性特点的扇形聚落群布局结构。其中聚落群同盟组织的存在可能是扇形聚落群成立的社会基础，而导致扇形聚落群及其同盟组织发生的原因则应是中原地区居民所面临的巨大生存压力。

In Central Plain, the birthplace of Xia, Shang and Zhou civilizations, many walled-town sites in Longshan Period have provided with the qualities of early city. And the position structure of fan-shaped settlement clusters has come into being in this region with the characteristics, such as taking walled-town sites as its center, the clearly instability and antagonism.The existence of settlement clusters and the associated social organizations may be the social foundation of the fan-shaped settlement clusters.The reason that the fan- shaped settlement clusters and their associated social organizations had taken place should be that the residents in Central Plain area have to face the great existence pressure.