概率与薛定谔猫——二评波普尔的概率理论

Probabilities and Schrodinger' s Cat--Comment on Popper's Interpretation for Probability

"统计分布"是一种现实的分布,而"概率分布"则是它的观念映像;"统计分布"是一种客观的分布,而"概率分布"则依赖于观察者。在量子力学中,人们因为混淆"统计分布"与"概率分布"而造成两个误解,第一,把"概率分布"误解为一种现实的分布;第二,把主观上的"不确定性"误解为客观上的"不确定性"。薛定谔猫就是揭示这两种误解的一个比喻。

It is expounded that a statistical distribution is a realistic distribution, while a probability distribution is its idea image; a statistical distribution is objective distribution, while a probability distribution depends on observers. In quantum mechanics, the confusion between statistical distributions and probability distributions creates two mistakes: misreading a probability distribution as a realistic distribution and misreading a subjective uncertainty as an objective uncertainty. Schrodinger' s cat is an imagery that opens out these two mistakes.