欧盟警务一体化的现状、制约因素与发展趋势

Policing Integration of the EU

以侦查合作为主要内容的警务一体化是欧盟第三根支柱即"司法与内务合作"的重要组成部分,是欧盟政治、经济等领域一体化的必然结果。当前的警务一体化存在欧盟主导和非欧盟主导两种形态,既有北欧合作等小区域合作,又包含欧洲刑事警察组织等大区域合作。欧盟警务一体化的进一步发展受到众多因素的制约:一体化与国家主权的矛盾、成员国警察体制的差异、司法一体化的滞后等。警务一体化的未来最终取决于它能否随同司法与内务的其他领域一起被有效纳入欧盟第一支柱范畴,但各成员国在短期内难以接受这一最终目标。面对欧洲统一犯罪市场的形成所带来的巨大挑战,欧盟及其成员国必须采取一些更加务实的措施以应对迫在眉睫的威胁。可以预见,欧盟的警务一体化将引起更多重视,警务合作将逐渐规范化,现有合作机构的职能也将不断强化并可能出现新的合作机构和合作形式。

Policing integration with reconnaissance cooperation as its main contents is an important part of the third pillar of the EU 'justice and home affairs co-operation' , and it is the logical result of European political and economic integration. There are two kinds of policing co-operation among EU member states - supervised by or not by the EU, which not only including regional cooperation such as Nordic cooperation, but also the cooperations among police organizations in Europe. The further development of policing integration is restricted by many elements that include contradiction between integration and dominion, different policing system of member states, and lag of justice integration. In the mean time, the future of policing integration depends on whether it could be effectively brought into the first pillar of the EU along with other parts of justice and home affairs.