不同小麦成熟胚对愈伤组织形成及萌发的影响

Effects of Different Mature Wheat Embryos on Callus Formation and Germination

为了解决小麦成熟胚离体培养过程中脱分化较为困难的问题,对2001-2003年不同时期收获及不同保存条件下的小麦品种川农17、川农12号成熟胚分别在六种诱导培养基中进行离体培养,结果表明,2002年成熟胚形成愈伤组织的能力和萌发能力高于2001年的成熟胚;2003年4月27日与5月13日收获的两批成熟胚(包括在室温26+2℃和低温4℃下存放)在形成愈伤组织及愈伤组织的分化能力方面没有显著差异,但2003年5月13日收获的成熟胚在诱导培养基中直接萌发成苗的能力更强。4℃存放虽然促进早期(4月27日)收获的成熟胚在诱导培养基中直接萌发成苗,但对各时期收获的成熟胚形成愈伤组织的能力没有影响;高浓度2,4-D(6 mg／L和8 mg／L)抑制胚萌发,但KT(0.5 mg／L)可以促进胚萌发。

There is dificult for mature wheat embryos to be cultured in vitro for de-differentiation. To resolve this problem, different maturity embryos of new wheat cultivars Chuannong 17 and 12 harvested in different time and saved at different temperature were cultured in six different media in vitro. The mature embryos harvested in 2002 had stronger ability of callus formation and germination than those harvested in 2001. For mature embryos harvested at different time in 2003 (including all mature embryos kept at 26 ±2 ℃ and 4 ℃ ), there was the same ability in callus formation and plant regeneration, but those mature embryos harvested on the 13th of May 2003 had stronger ability of germination . 4℃ treatment prompted the germination of mature embryos harvested on the 27th April 2003 and had no effect on callus formation. High density of 2, 4-D (6mg/L and 8mg/L) inhibited germination of mature embryos but KT (0.5 mg/L) prompted the germination.