烷基二苯醚二磺酸盐的制备与性能表征

Preparation and Properties of Alkyldiphenyl Ether Disulfonate

制备了一类由刚性基团联接的特殊双亲水基型阴离子表面活性剂———十二烷基二苯醚二磺酸钠(C12-MADS)、双十二烷基二苯醚二磺酸钠(C12-DADS)及十六烷基二苯醚二磺酸钠(C16-MADS),并对其性能进行了研究。25℃时3种烷基二苯醚二磺酸钠的CMC分别为1 16×10-3、1 10×10-5和4 51×10-4mol/L,γCMC分别为44 9、43 5和46 8mN/m,C12-MADS和C16-MADS在浓度分别为2 21×10-2和3 80×10-2mol/L时的胶束聚集数(Nm)分别为24和29。合成的烷基二苯醚二磺酸钠在质量分数高达0 1的无机酸、碱和盐溶液中保持稳定,发泡性低于烷基苯磺酸钠(LAS),但乳化性能优于LAS。C12-MADS在650mg/L硬水中去污比值为14 05%,明显高于LAS(7 18%)。C12-MADS和C12-DADS在4d后的生物降解度≥90%。该类表面活性剂具有优良的应用性能。

A series of special anionic surfactants with two hydrophilic head groups linked by a rigid structure,monoalkyldiphenyl ether disulfonate(MADS) and dialkyldiphenyl ether disulfonate(DADS),were synthesized and their interfacial properties and application were studied.The CMC of C_(12)-MADS,C_(12)-DADS and C_(16)-MADS at 25 ℃ are 1.16 ×10^(-3),1.10×10^(-5) and 4.51×10^(-4) mol/L respectively,and their γ_(CMC) are 44.9,43.5 and 46.8 mN/m respectively.The micellar aggregation number N_m of C_(12)-MADS at a concentration of 2.21×10^(-2) mol/L and that of C_(16)-MADS at 3.80×10^(-2) mol/L are 24 and 29 respectively.These surfactants are stable when dissolved in 10% sulfuric acid,10% sodium hydroxide and 10% sodium chloride solutions.The foamability of these surfactants is lower than that of LAS but the emulsifiability is better than that of LAS.The detergency of C_(12)-MADS at 650 mg/L water hardness is 14.05%,much higher than that of LAS(7.18%).The biodegradability of C_(12)-MADS and C_(12)-DADS in 4 days is more than 90%.These surfactants show very good use properties.