武汉地区6345例住院分娩儿出生缺陷监测结果分析

The analysis of surveillance data of birth defect collected from 6345 neonates delivered in hospital

目的 了解武汉市第一医院住院分娩新生儿的出生缺陷发生情况。方法 按全国出生缺陷监测网要求 ,在1998年 1月至 2 0 0 3年 12月对孕 2 8周至产后 7d的围生儿进行监测。结果 6年监测住院分娩儿 6 345例 ,共发现出生缺陷患儿 5 3例 ,平均出生缺陷发生率 83.5 3/万。各季节的发生率不存在显著性差异 (P >0 .0 5 )。男婴的构成比为 5 2 .83% ,稍高于女婴的构成比 4 5 .2 8%。单纯畸形的构成比为 92 .4 5 % ,显著高于多发畸形的构成比 7.5 5 %。按照出生缺陷发生的系统分布排列 ,居前三位的系统依次是 :骨骼肌肉系统、唇裂及腭裂和心血管系统。同时 ,出生缺陷对新生儿的产后阿氏评分和体重均产生影响。结论 应积极开展产前诊断和围产保健 ,提高监测质量 ,防止发生出生缺陷 ,提高人口素质。

Objective: To analysis the surveillance data of birth defect collected from 6345 neonates delivered in the No one hospital of Wuhan. Methods: According to the need of national surveillance system, neonates delivered from January 1998 to December 2003 were monitored. Results: 53 neonates with defect were delivered in six years, and the incidence of birth defect was 83.53/10,000. The incidence of each season wasn't significantly different from another (P>0.05). The constituent ratio of male neonates was 52.83%, which was higher than 45.28% of female. The constituent of single defect was 92.45%, which was higher than 7.55% of multiple defects. According to the rank of frequency of system, the system of the first three frequency were musculoskeletal anomalies, cleft palate and cleft lip, and cardiac and vascular system. Birth defect affected the Apgar score and weight of fetus. Conclusion: Antenatal diagnosis and prenatal health care should be carried out to increase the quality of monitor to prevent birth defect and lift population quality.