山西洪洞地区瓣状甲类型、分布与遗传方式的调查研究

A survey of the petaloid toenails: Its types,distribution and hereditary mode in the Hongtong area, Shanxi Province

目的 探讨瓣状甲的类型、性别和年龄分布及其遗传方式。方法 观察研究对象有无瓣状甲以及瓣状甲的类型 ,描述瓣状甲的性别和年龄分布 ,并收集家系资料进行系谱分析 ,确定其遗传方式。结果 瓣状甲有不同的表现形式 ,可将其大致分为清晰型、融合型和退化型 3种。瓣状甲的频率为 79.5 1%,其中男性为 82 .2 8%,女性为 76 .15 %,两者无统计学差异 (χ2 =1.6 4 ,P =O .2 4 1)。瓣状甲可为单侧或双侧发生 ,男性和女性的单、双侧瓣状甲频率无统计学差异 (χ2 =2 .2 2 ,P =0 .33)。 13个年龄组间瓣状甲的频率差异有统计学意义。对 2 6个核心家系和 1个完整的三代家系的系谱分析发现 ,瓣状甲的遗传特点与单基因显性性状一致。结论 瓣状甲是一种单基因显性性状 ,具有不同的表现类型 ,既可单侧发生 ,亦可双侧发生 ,其分布无性别差异 ,但有年龄差异。

Objective: To research the types, the distributions for gender and age, and the hereditary mode of the petaloid toenails. Method:It was checked that whether there was the petaloid toenail or not, and the types of the petaloid toenail for the subjects. The distributions for gender and age of the petaloid toenails were described. After the pedigree materials were collected, the pedigree analysis was carried out to ascertain the hereditary mode of the petaloid toenails. Result:The petaloid toenails had approximately 3 types such as the clarity, the amalgamation and the degeneration. The frequency of the petaloid toenails was 79.51%, of which, it was 82.28% for man and 76.15% for women, there being no statistically significance for gender (χ 2=1.64, P=0.241). The petaloid toenails appeared singly-side or doubly-side, there being no statistically significance for the frequencies of the single-side and double-side petaloid toenails about gender (χ 2=2.22,P=0.33). When the subjects was classified into 13 groups by age, there was statistically significance for the frequencies of the petaloid toenails among 13 age-groups (χ 2=28.35,P=0.005). Analyzing the data of 26 nuclear families and 1 family with 3 generation, it was found that the petaloid toenail had the same hereditary characters as the dominant single-gene trait. Conclusion:The petaloid toenails is a dominant single-gene trait, with the various types, appearing singly-side or doubly-side. There is no statistically significance for frequencies among gender, but there is statistically significance for frequencies between age.